Shakirat I Bello1
,
John D Ohieku2,
Nasiru Y Ikunaiye3,
Ibrahim M Kida4
For correspondence:- Shakirat Bello Email: sibello10@yahoo.com Tel: +2348035675609
Published: 20 December 2020
Citation: Bello SI, Ohieku JD, Ikunaiye NY, Kida IM. Antiretroviral drug adverse reactions among HIV-positive patients at a tertiary care hospital in North-Eastern Nigeria. J Sci Pract Pharm 2020; 7(1):391-399 doi: https://doi.org/10.47227/jsppharm.v7i1.6
© 2020 The author(s).
This is an Open Access article that uses a funding model which does not charge readers or their institutions for access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0) and the Budapest Open Access Initiative (http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/read), which permit unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited..
Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) among patients on antiretroviral drugs in a tertiary healthcare facility in Maiduguri, North-Eastern Nigeria. Methods: The study was conducted among HIV-positive participants using validated questionnaires and personal interviews to obtain information on ADRs. Participants’ case notes were used to capture data on socio-demographic characteristics, clinical variables, and treatment profiles. The data collected were analyzed with STATA 10 software using logistic regression and descriptive analyses. Results: The prevalence rate of ADRs was 26.6% among 134 patients. Gastrointestinal system disorders 40(8.0%), central and peripheral nervous system 38(7.5%), and systemic signs and symptoms 37(7.3%) were the most common clinical ADRs observed. Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine combination therapy was mostly implicated for the ADRs. Logistic regression analysis showed that the occurrence of ADRs was associated with marital status, viral load, and Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine therapy. Conclusion: The prevalence of ADRs reported in this study was low. Most of the patients with ADRs had mild effects. Marital status, viral load, and Zidovudine/Lamivudine/Nevirapine contributed to the development of the ADRs. There is a need to closely monitor HIV-infected patients by caregivers to further reduce the prevalence of ADRs and concomitant risks.
